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<td width="297" height="17" valign="middle" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"> FEBRUARY 2009</td> </tr></table></td>
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> The newsletter of ESS Scandinavia</font></td>
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<a href="http://www.anp.se/oa/216332/434359477547435C4A7047405943" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: underline">Avprenumerara</a>
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 9px;">A WORLD-LEADING CENTRE FOR MATERIALS RESARCH</font>
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 9px;">
The European Spallation Source will be a multi-disciplinary research centre, the global leader in its field. ESS will open new windows in a large array of scientific disciplines. The ambition of ESS Scandinavia is that the ESS be built in Lund, Sweden - at a crossroads for 10 European countries.
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #232323; font-weight: normal;">2009: A DECISIVE YEAR FOR THE ESS!</font>
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<BR>2008 was a great year both for ESS Scandinavia and for all of those who want to see the ESS being built. During a little more than half a year, eight European governments have publicly stated their support for the ESS to be built in Lund.
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<BR>After many years and much talk, but no decision-making, this has been a real leap forward. ESS Scandinavia is sure that this development will continue, and that the ESS will at last be built. For the good of European science!
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<BR>We wish all of our friends a happy and fruitful 2009!</font>
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<font style="color: #232323; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; text-decoration: none;"> The final corner before the decision on ESS? </font>
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<BR>At the European Conference on Research Infrastructure in Versailles in December, the final corner was turned in the long history of the European Spallation Source. A consensus has been reached on a deadline for announcing a site decision. Before June 30th 2009 we will know where ESS is to be built. A deadline at last!
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<BR>The ESFRI site evaluation process of ESS, set in motion a year ago after 16 years of planning, has given a proper basis for deciding the site. At that point competition can change to collaboration and action can take over.
<BR>
<BR>It really
<i> is </i> the time now to decide! Europe has to construct the research infrastructures it needs in order to build the competitive European Research Area of the future. It is accepted that European science will need a new neutron source by 2020. And therefore we need to start construction of the ESS very, very soon, if we are to achieve that date.
<BR>
<BR>The Swedish government made its decision to push hard for the ESS in February 2007. In addition, it will arm itself for the future with the highest ever public research budget seen. The levels of public research spending, already the highest in Europe, will again increase each year for the next four years.
<BR>
<BR>Such a policy to invest in R&D is of course not only Swedish. It has received the European stamp of approval. But that was back in 2000. If the Lisbon goals of increasing R&D spending are met, it will strengthen growth and employment. Everyone agrees on that. But policies are not actions, and levels of R&D spending in Europe remain stubbornly constant.
<BR>
<BR>It is nevertheless a wise policy. In the age of globalisation, European competitiveness must build on a knowledge-intensive economy. Therefore research and innovation are essential parts of growth policy. But most importantly of all, research will lead us towards finding solutions to the big challenges of today: the eradication of poverty, the consequences of climate change, the scarcity of water, the energy crisis and diseases like Alzheimers and cancer.
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none;"> The prospect of Denmark co-hosting ESS together with Sweden is a tremendous boost to our already strong case for Lund as the site. We warmly welcome Denmark with its long history of neutron scattering. This is also good news for ILL since Denmark, as part of its ESS strategy, is also to join ILL. Let's work together in Europe!
<BR>
<BR>Some people say we don't need to decide on the ESS site. The ESS can be built anywhere they say. But that's a guaranteed recipe for not building the ESS at all.
<BR>
<BR>We need to keep in mind Burridan's ass, which starved to death because of its inability to decide between two supposedly identical hay stacks. The hay stacks are not identical, we know that! </font>
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<font style="color: #343434; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;"> Colin Carlile </font></b></div>
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none;"> Director of ESS Scandinavia
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<BR>Photo: Colin Carlile with Christian Vettier, Deputy Director of ESS Scandinavia </font></b></div>
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #232323; font-weight: normal;">A SUCCESSFUL HALF-YEAR BEHIND US...</font>
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<BR>The last six months have brought remarkable progress in the Scandinavian bid to host the European Spallation Source, the next generation materials research facility, in Lund.
<BR>
<BR>
<b>Broadening the support</b>
<BR>
<BR>A total of nine countries now stand behind ESS Scandinavia, of whom six, including Sweden, have formalised their support. Starting in April with the Danish government expressing its support, ratified a couple of weeks ago, continuing during the summer with the Polish government, signing an MoU with Sweden.
<BR>
<BR>At the third ESS Scandinavia Round Table in Riga in October, the three Baltic states Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania announced that they formally support ESS in Lund and agreements have been signed. Further countries are ready to announce their support in the coming weeks.
<BR>
<BR>
<b>Cooperating with the leading laboratories</b>
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<BR>ESS Scandinavia has continuously built up a broad network of links with the world’s leading laboratories. The building up of technological and scientific capabilities is an important advantage, making ESS Scandinavia well-prepared to move, without delay, into an international effort for construction.
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<BR>Recently, ESS Scandinavia signed a collaboration agreement with CERN, the world’s leading particle physics laboratory, in order to collaborate on accelerator and target R&D that will be beneficial to both CERN and the ESS.
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<BR>CERN has just celebrated the inauguration of the largest and most sophisticated scientific instrument ever built, the Large Hadron Collider. Soon, four young scientists and engineers from Lund will contribute to the LHC programme as part of an extensive training programme being embarked upon by the expanding Lund team, now numbering 22 people.
<BR>
<BR>ESS Scandinavia has also entered into a cooperation with the SNS neutron research facility, in Tennessee, USA, with the aim of cooperating on R&D programmes in the design of neutron techniques for materials science, focussing on long pulse instrumentation. SNS, the Spallation Neutron Source, is today the most powerful research facility using neutrons for research in a broad range of disciplines, such as energy, health, nanotechnology, environment and manufacturing.
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; color: #4c4c4c; font-weight: normal;">Formal links have also been concluded with CEA Saclay on ion sources and proton accelerators, as well as FZ Jülich’s spin-echo spectrometer at SNS, and three more young scientists will be appointed.
<BR>
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<b>Green light for MAX IV synchrotron</b>
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<BR>The Swedish government during the autumn announced the green light for the MAX IV high brilliance synchrotron light source. In the Swedish government’s research bill for 2009-2012, the building of MAX IV is a high priority. Building on the expertise of the existing national laboratory MAX-lab, MAX IV will be the world’s most brilliant soft X-ray source for materials science and life science. ESS Scandinavia is looking forward to sharing the common site in Lund with MAX IV, building up a
leading hub for materials science centered on these two world-leading facilities.
<BR>
<BR>
<b>ECRI Conference in Versailles</b>
<BR>
<BR>The European Conference on Research Infrastructure on 9-11 December, arranged by the French EU Presidency, was an important event to draw up strategies for the building of the world-class research infrastructure that is one of the pillars of the European Research Area. Research infrastructures, such as large-scale scientific facilities like the ESS, observatories for environmental sciences, data banks for genomics or state of the art large super-computers, are playing an increasingly
<BR>important role in the advancement of knowledge and technology, and thus for the EU Lisbon objectives of growth and employment. The siting of the ESS was one of the issues that raised the most interest.
<BR>
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<b>Lund is increasing the lead</b>
<BR>
<BR>Are there differences between the three ESS candidates? Some say that ESS could be built anywhere. Does anyone seriously believe that? Well you could read for yourself in the recently completed ESFRI evaluation of the three site candidates Sweden, Spain and Hungary, which revealed real differences between the sites.
<BR>
<BR>The evaluation has contributed to highlighting the strong points of the Lund bid: the excellent R&D environment, the strong business community, the high standard of living and working, the international environment, and the preparedness to move into the construction phase. We look forward to its being made publically available. You can read the ESS Scandinavia site report, submitted in April, and our response to the review itself, at www.esss.se. Transparency is important!
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #232323; font-weight: normal;">...AND AN EXCITING HALF YEAR AHEAD</font>
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<BR>The decision on the siting of the ESS is moving ever closer. The way is paved for a decision during the coming six months!
<BR>
<BR>Europe is laying the ground for keeping the global lead in neutron science that we have held for decades. During the last years, both the USA and Japan have constructed new high power neutron sources. They have courage anough and has shown the way ahead. But in order to keep the lead, Europe must also prepare for the future.
<BR>
<BR>ESS Scandinavia sees the ESS as part of the wider European cooperation for neutron-based research, with the aim of maintaining and extending Europe’s lead in this field. It’s the diversity and complementarity of European neutron sources - with ILL and ISIS in the front row - and the science done on them that has placed Europe in its current position. We must protect the park of neutron facilities, but it is urgent for Europe to actually come to a decision on the ESS – soon.
<BR>
<BR>
<b>Three winners are possible</b>
<BR>
<BR>When there is a consensus on where the ESS will be built, cooperation between the three current competitors can begin for real. The knowledge gained in the three consortia, ESS Scandinavia, ESS Bilbao and ESS Hungary, as well as the expertise that exists all around Europe, will be vital for the successful construction of the ESS.
<BR>
<BR>This cooperation can be shaped in order that all three candidates benefit. ESS Scandinavia’s ambition is not to create “one winner and two losers”, but
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; color: #4c4c4c; font-weight: normal;">has taken the initiative to arrive at a “three winners” solution. This idea has been well received in the scientific community, and steps have already been taken towards a more cooperative phase.
<BR>
<BR>
<b>In the starting blocks for the Design Review</b>
<BR>
<BR>Furthermore, when the site decision has been taken, the necessary design review can start. For the optimization of the ESS technical design, the participation of all of the European countries that are leading in this field of research is necessary.
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<BR>In order to make the design review efficient, Sweden is prepared to guarantee the funding of this review with 20-30 million euros. ESS Scandinavia has also identified key issues to be addressed and started the recruitment of the technical experts needed.
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<b>A busy 2009 - the transition from competition to collaboration to construction!</b>
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<BR>When the site has been chosen, an international organisation to manage the project has to take shape, and the timing of the construction needs to be optimised. In the end of april, our fourth Round Table will be held in Prague in the Czech Republic, to continue the planning of the pre-construction phase. The International Conference on Neutron Scattering in Tennessee in May will also be an important event for moving forward on the planning and the construction of the ESS.
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<BR>ESS Scandinavia is right now preparing for a busy year 2009, and is well-prepared to take the ESS project beyond the site decision, into the pre-construction phase!
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; color: #232323; font-weight: normal;">"Eye Serene" - A Look Inside the Matter of Life
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<font style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; color: #4c4c4c; font-weight: normal;">The Newsletter of ESS Scandinavia has been christened "Eye Serene". These words are taken from a line in William Wordsworth's (1770-1850) romantic poem She Was a Phantom of Delight: "And now I see with eye serene, the very pulse of the machine". We in Lund look forward to that day, some time in 2018!
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<BR>In order to see an everyday object, like an apple, you need light that transmits the image of the apple to your eyes. From there the information is transmitted to the brain, that registers and "understands" the information. A source of illumination, an object to observe and an instrument to observe it with. However, in order to visualise things as small as the atoms and the molecules that constitute the apple - or other objects - you need to see much deeper, for example by using neutrons,
capable of "looking" at all kinds of materials in microscopic detail. The neutrons transmit the images of the molecules to an instrument - in this case the equivalent of the eye - that tells about the innermost structure of the sample under study and in its turn transmits it to computers that process and register the information.
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<BR>The ESS will be a facility for such research - comparable to a large microscope, where scientists look inside the atoms that constitute matter with the aim of developing new and better materials. In the ESS, the neutrons will come in long pulses, which will make the facility an especially valuable tool for life scientists.
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<BR>Much of the research that is carried out with neutrons has contributed to improvements of our everyday life: in health, energy, ICT, communications, transports etc. With the ESS we want to build a scientific tool that can contribute to new scientific break-throughs in these fields during the coming 20, 30 and 40 years.</font>
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<a href="http://tr.anp.se/track?t=c&mid=216332&uid=120289490&&&http://www.readprint.com/work-1551/William-Wordsworth" style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; color: #343434; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold;">Read the whole poem</a></div> </td>
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<font style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none">ESS Scandinavia /
<a href="http://tr.anp.se/track?t=c&mid=216332&uid=120289490&&&http://www.esss.se" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none">www.esss.se</a> /
<a href="mailto:info@esss.se" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none">info@esss.se</a>
<br>Director Colin Carlile / +46(0)46-2228302 /
<a href="mailto:colin.carlile@esss.se" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none">colin.carlile@esss.se</a>
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Communications Officer Marianne Ekdahl / +46(0)46-2228389 / e-mail:
<a href="mailto:marianne.ekdahl@esss.se" style="color: #4c4c4c; font-family: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-decoration: none">marianne.ekdahl@esss.se</a>
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